Why Proper Flange Bolt Torque Prevents Costly Leaks
Incorrect bolt torque is a leading cause of flange joint failures. Applying correct torque ensures proper gasket compression and prevents shutdowns and safety incidents.
Target Torque Calculation Formula
ASME PCC-1 Appendix K formula: T = K x D x F / N
- T = Target torque per bolt
- K = Nut factor (thread friction)
- D = Nominal bolt diameter
- F = Total bolt load required
- N = Number of bolts
Nut Factor Values
- Unlubricated carbon steel: K = 0.20
- Moly-based lubricant: K = 0.13-0.15
- PTFE-coated studs: K = 0.10
Reference Torque Values (Lubricated Threads)
Class 150 Flanges
| NPS | Bolt Size | Bolts | Torque (ft-lbs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2 | 1/2-13 | 4 | 15 |
| 2 | 5/8-11 | 4 | 25 |
| 6 | 3/4-10 | 8 | 45 |
| 8 | 7/8-9 | 8 | 60 |
| 12 | 7/8-9 | 12 | 60 |
Class 300 Flanges
| NPS | Bolt Size | Bolts | Torque (ft-lbs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2 | 1/2-13 | 4 | 20 |
| 2 | 3/4-10 | 4 | 45 |
| 6 | 7/8-9 | 8 | 90 |
| 8 | 1-8 | 8 | 120 |
| 12 | 1-1/8-8 | 12 | 160 |
4-Pass Tightening Procedure
- Pass 1: Star pattern at 30% torque
- Pass 2: Star pattern at 60% torque
- Pass 3: Star pattern at 100% torque
- Pass 4: Circular pattern at 100% until no rotation
Common Mistakes
- No lubricant on studs
- Skipping multi-pass sequence
- Mixing bolt grades
- Reusing old gaskets
Contact Songhai Flange for torque specifications and technical documentation.
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